Edward S. Curtis's The North American Indian

CONTENTS

Volume: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Vol.1. The Apache. The Jicarillas. The Navaho.

THE NORTH AMERICAN INDIAN

Contents of Volume One

Alphabet Used In Recording Indian Terms

Illustrations	vii
Foreword	xi
General Introduction	xiii
Introduction to Volume One	xix
The Apache	1
Historical Sketch	3
Homeland and Life	13
Mythology	23
Medicine and Medicine-Men	35
The Jicarillas	51
Home and General Customs	53
Mythology	60
The Navaho	71
Home Life, Arts, and Beliefs	73
History	81
MYTHOLOGY	83
Ceremonies	116
Appendix	129
Tribal Summary	131
Southern Athapascan Comparative Vocabulary	139
Index	145

Vol. 1 Illustrations
	Facing Page
The Pool - Apache	Frontispiece
Nayenezgani - Navaho	x
White River - Apache	xii
By the Sycamore - Apache	xiv
The Fire Drill - Apache	xvi
A Noonday Halt - Navaho	xviii
Apache Camp	xx
Typical Apache	2
Tenokai - Apache	4
At the Ford	6
The Bathing Pool - Apache	8
Alchise - Apache	10
Mescal Hills - Apache	12
Primitive Apache Home	14
Cutting Mescal - Apache	16
Mescal - Apache	18
Filling the Pit	20
The Covered Pit - Apache
Apache Still Life	24
Among the Oaks - Apache	26
Mescal Camp - Apache	28
Sacred Buckskin - Apache	30
Apache Girl	32
The Ford - Apache	34
Apache Medicine-Man	36
Maternity Belt	38
Medicine Cap and Fetish - Apache	40
Das Lan - Apache	42
Apache Village	44
Sand Mosaic - Apache	46
Apache Gaun	48
Apache Maiden	50
Lone Tree Lodge - Jicarilla
A Jicarilla	54
A Jicarilla Feast March	56
Jicarillas	58
Jeditoh - Navaho	60
Lake Lajara - Navaho	62
Into the Desert - Navaho	64
Nature's Mirror - Navaho	66
Cañon Hogan - Navaho	68
A Drink in the Desert - Navaho	70
Under the Cottonwoods - Navaho	72
Cornfields in Cañon del Muerto - Navaho	74
The Blanket Maker - Navaho	76
Pikehodiklad - Navaho	78
Hastin Yazhe - Navaho	80
Navaho Hogan	82
Navaho Still Life	84
Navaho Medicine-man	86
Through the Cañon - Navaho	88
Evening in the Desert - Navaho	90
Haschogan - Navaho	94
Antelope Ruin - Cañon del Muerto	96
Nayenezgani - Navaho	98
Tobadzischini	100
Haschezhini	102
Gaaskidi - Navaho	104
Tonenili - Navaho	106
Zahadolzha - Navaho	108
Haschebaad - Navaho	110
Gaaskidi, Zahadolzha, Haschelti - Nahavo	112
Tonenili, Tobadzischini, Nayenezgani - Navaho	114
Yebichai Sweat - Navaho	116
Pikehodiklad - Navaho	118
Shilhne'ohli - Navaho	120
Zahadolzha - Navaho	122
Yebichai Hogan - Navaho	124
Yebichai Dancers - Navaho	126
Mescal Harvest - Apache	128
White River Valley - Apache	130
Nalin Lage - Apache	132
Infant Burial - Apache	134
Tobadzischini - Navaho	136
Gaaskidi - Navaho	138
Zahadolzha - Navaho	140
Haschelti, Haschebaad, Zahadolzha - Navaho	142
Navaho Women	144

Portfolio 1

List of Large Plates Supplementing Volume One
Vanishing race - Navaho	plate no. 1
Geronimo - Apache	plate no. 2
Desert rovers - Apache	plate no. 3
Apache - land	plate no. 4
Alchise - Apache	plate no. 5
Sigesh - Apache	plate no. 6
Apache	plate no. 7
Apache reaper	plate no. 8
Storm - Apache	plate no. 9
Getting water - Apache	plate no. 10
Story-telling - Apache	plate no. 11
Story-telling - Apache	plate no. 12
Scout - Apache	plate no. 13
Morning bath - Apache	plate no. 14
Apache Nalin	plate no. 15
Eskadi - Apache	plate no. 16
Apache babe	plate no. 17
Chideh - Apache	plate no. 18
Lost trail - Apache	plate no. 19
Vash Gon - Jicarilla	plate no. 20
Chief Garfield - Jicarilla	plate no. 21
Jicarilla maiden	plate no. 22
Jicarilla matron	plate no. 23
Hilltop camp - Jicarilla	plate no. 24
Jicarilla women	plate no. 25
Chief of the desert - Navaho	plate no. 26
Women of the desert - Navaho	plate no. 27
Cañon de Chelly - Navaho	plate no. 28
Cañon del Muerto - Navaho	plate no. 29
At the shrine - Navaho	plate no. 30
Nesjaja Hatali - Navaho	plate no. 31
Son of the desert - Navaho	plate no. 32
Navaho flocks	plate no. 33
Blanket weaver - Navaho	plate no. 34
Hastobiga - Navaho medicine-man	plate no. 35
Point of interest - Navaho	plate no. 36
Out of the darkness - Navaho	plate no. 37
Sunset in Navaho-land	plate no. 38
Alhkidokihi - Navaho	plate no. 39

Vol.2. The Pima. The Papago. The Qahatika. The Mohave. The Yuma. The Maricopa. The Walapai. The Havasupai. The Apache-Mohave, or Yavapai.

The North American Indian

Contents of Volume Two

Alphabet used in recording Indian Terms

Illustrations	vii
Introduction	xi
The Pima	1
Tribal Characteristics	3
Ceremonies	11
Creation Myth	14
The Papago	25
The Qahatika	39
The Mohave	45
Habitat, Home Life and Social Customs	47
Creation Myth	56
Ceremonies	58
The Yuma	61
Homeland, Arts and Customs	63
Ceremonies	70
Creation Myth	73
The Maricopa	79
Customs, Arts and Beliefs	81
Creation Myth	86
The Walapai	89
The Havasupai	95
The Apache-Mohave, or Yavapai	103
Appendix	107
Tribal Summary	109
Piman Comparative Vocabulary	118
Yuman Comparative Vocabulary	123
Index	129

Portfolio 2

Vol.3. The Teton Sioux. The Yanktonai. The Assiniboin.

Portfolio 3

Vol.4. The Apsaroke, or Crows. The Hidatsa.

Portfolio 4

Vol.5. The Mandan. The Arikara. The Atsina.

Portfolio 5

Vol.6. The Piegan. The Cheyenne. The Arapaho.

Portfolio 6

Vol.7. The Yakima. The Klickitat. Salishan tribes of the interior. The Kutenai.

Portfolio 7

Vol.8. The Nez Perces. Wallawalla. Umatilla. Cayuse. The Chinookan tribes.

Portfolio 8

Vol.9. The Salishan tribes of the coast. The Chimakum and the Quilliute. The Willapa.

Vol. 9 Illustrations
	Facing Page
In the Forest - Quinault	Frontispiece
Shores of Puget Sound	Facing page 4
Shores of Shoalwater Bay	6
On Shoalwater Bay	8
The Mouth of Quinault River	10
On Skokomish River	12
Cowichan Warrior	14
Quinault War Canoes	16
Shoalwater Bay Type	18
Shoalwater Bay Profile	20
Lahkeudup - Skokomish	22
Kalasetsah - Skokomish	24
Bahlkabuh - Skokomish	26
Yalqablu - Skokomish	28
Family Party - Puget Sound	30
Cowichan River	32
Qamutsun Village - Cowichan	34
Henipsum Village - Cowichan	36
Cowichan Woman	38
Primitive Dress - Quinault	40
Shell Ornaments - Quinault	42
Cowichan Houseframe	44
Cowichan Housefront	46
Puget Sound Camp	48
Settling the Net - Quinault	50
Lifting the Net - Quinault	52
Going for Clams - Quinault	54
Digging Clams - Puget Sound	56
Digging Skunk-cabbage Roots	58
Canoe Finishing - Quinault	60
Skokomish Baskets	Facing page 62
Basket Maker	64
Quinault Handiwork	66
Quinault Berry Picker	68
Looking up Cowichan River	70
Goat-hair Blanket	72
Warrior's Scalp Head-dress - Cowichan	74
Warrior's Feather Head-dress - Cowichan	76
Tsatsalaltsa - Quilcene	78
Lotsubelo - Quilcene	80
Gathering Tules - Cowichan	82
Tying the Bundle - Cowichan	84
The Head-strap - Cowichan	86
Homeward Bound - Cowichan	88
Drying Tules - Cowichan	90
Quinault Female Type	92
Quinault Female Profile	94
Kaktsamah - Cowlitz	96
River Canoes - Quinault	98
Quinault Canoes	100
River "Shovelnose" Canoes - Quinault	102
Quinault Girl	104
A Quinault Type	106
Carved Figure - Cowichan	108
A Mat Shelter - Skokomish	110
Tule Gatherers - Puget Sound	112
A Cowichan Mask	114
Masked Dancer - Cowichan	116
Still Life - Puget Sound	118
Grave House - Snohomish	120
On the River - Puget Sound	122
A Primitive Camp	124
On Quinault River	126
A Skokomish Camp	128
Watching for the Salmon - Quinault	130
Quinault Houses	132
Hop Pickers - Puget Sound	Facing page 134
Chimakum Woman	136
Chimakum Female Type	138
Chimakum Female Profile	140
Silto - Quilliute	142
Silto - Quilliute	144
Quilliute Girl	146
Hoh Type	148
Hoh Profile	150

Portfolio 9

List of Large Plates Supplementing Volume Nine
Primitive Quinault	plate no.293
Quinault female type	plate no. 294
Quinault female profile	plate no. 295
Mouth of Quinault River	plate no. 296
On Quinault River	plate no. 297
Hleastunuh – Skokomish	plate no. 298
Tsatsalatsa – Skokomish	plate no. 299
Chief's daughter – Skokomish	plate no. 300
Mat house – Skokomish	plate no. 301
Fishing camp – Skokomish	plate no. 302
Quilcene boy	plate no. 303
Lelehalt – Quilcene	plate no. 304
Suquamish woman	plate no. 305
Suquamish girl	plate no. 306
Squaxon matron	plate no. 307
Puget Sound type	plate no. 308
Puget Sound baskets	plate no. 309
Basket maker	plate no. 310
Basket carrier	plate no. 311
Evening on Puget Sound	plate no. 312
Mussel gatherer	plate no. 313
Princess Angeline	plate no. 314
Tule gatherer – Cowichan	plate no. 315
Sunset on Puget Sound	plate no. 316
Clam digger	plate no. 317
Homeward	plate no. 318
Snoqualmu type	plate no. 319
Lummi type	plate no. 320
Lummi woman	plate no. 321
Cowichan warrior	plate no. 322
Cowichan girl	plate no. 323
Spearing salmon – Cowichan	plate no. 324
Cowichan canoes	plate no. 325
Masked dancer – Cowichan	plate no. 326
Cowichan River	plate no. 327
Quamichan Lake	plate no. 328

Vol.10. The Kwakiutl.

Portfolio 10

Vol.11. The Nootka. The Haida.

Portfolio 11

Vol.12. The Hopi.

Portfolio 12

Vol.13. The Hupa. The Yurok. The Karok. The Wiyot. Tolowa and Tututni. The Shasta. The Achomawi. The Klamath.

Portfolio 13

Vol.14. The Kato. The Wailaki. The Yuki. The Pomo. The Wintun. The Maidu. The Miwok. The Yokuts.

Portfolio 14

Vol.15. Southern California Shoshoneans. The Diegueños. Plateau Shoshoneans. The Washo.

Portfolio 15

Vol.16. The Tiwa. The Keres.

Vol. 16 Illustrations
	Facing Page
A narrow street - Laguna	Frontispiece
Francisca Chiwiwi - Isleta	4
Cave dwelling near Jemez	6
A street in Jemez	8
An Isleta boy	10
An Isleta woman	14
An Isleta girl	16
An Isleta potter	18
Felicia - Isleta	20
Isleta kiva	22
Tsola - "Chipmunk", Jemez governor	24
A Jemez fiscal	26
A corner of Taos and a kiva entrance	28
Pecos in ruins	30
Old house and kiva at Picuris	32
Jemez houses	34
In the forest - Taos	40
Threshing wheat - Taos	42
Tapa - "Antelope Water" - Taos	44
Walvia - "Medicine Root" - Taos	46
Picuris harvest dance	50
Iahla - "Willow" - Taos	52
A Taos girl	54
Pavia - Taos	56
A Taos maid	58
Santa Ana and Jemez River	66
Old Cochiti	68
Partially excavated kivi, old Cochiti	70
Ruins of the church at Gyusiwa	72
Hope - Jemez	74
Santana Quintana - Cochiti	76
Ti'mu - Cochiti	78
Tsi'yone - "Flying" - Sia	80
Tsaiyatsa - Cochiti	82
A Santa Ana man	88
Sia footgear	90
Ka'yati - Sia	94
A Sia man	96
Tsipiai - Sia	98
A Cochiti woman	100
Tyo'oni Shiwanna mask - Cochita	108
Sia war-dancer	114
A Santo Domingo man	126
Sotsona - "Fox" - Santo Domingo	128
Pishkuty - "Cornstalk" - Santo Domingo	132
Native drawings of Santo Domingo masks	152
Wall-painting for the summer Shiwanna ceremony - Santo Domingo	154
Cliff-perched Acoma	168
Crumbling walls of the old church - Acoma	170
The enchanted mesa	176
The Acoma and the enchanted mesa	178
Acoma from the churchtop	198
A morning chat - Acoma	202
Native conception of a kopishtaia with mask and tablita - Acoma	204
An Acoma man	206
Church and cemetery - Acoma	208
Among the rocks - Acoma	212
Native conception of Histiani-Kowasutyi - "Flint-wing", the Thunderbird - Acoma	214
Mission and church at Acoma	216
Fiesta of San Estevan, A - Acoma	218
Fiesta of San Estevan, B - Acoma	220
Procession of San Estevan, A - Acoma	222
Procession of San Estevan, B - Acoma	224
Depositing San Estevan in the booth - Acoma	226
Laguna cooking-pot and Acoma water-jars	228
Turivio Waconda - Paguate	230
Hiyortsa - Paguate	232
Laguna house	234
A corner of Laguna	236
Laguna architecture	238
Laguna	240
Laguna water-jar	242
Paguate watchtower	244
A second-story apartment at Paguate	248
Excavated ruins at Gyusiwa - Jemez Springs	250

Portfolio 16

List of Large Plates Supplementing Volume Sixteen
Taos water girls	plate no. 544
Iahla ("Willow") – Taos	plate no. 545
North pueblo at Taos	plate no. 546
Walvia ("Medicine Root") – Taos	plate no. 547
Taos woman	plate no. 548
Isleta man	plate no. 549
Francisca Chiwiwi – Isleta	plate no. 550
Jemez architecture	plate no. 551
Jemez fiscal	plate no. 552
Tuvahe – Jemez	plate no. 553
Cochiti and Sia pottery	plate no. 554
Ti'mu – Cochiti	plate no. 555
Aiyowitsa – Cochiti	plate no. 556
Lucero - Santo Domingo	plate no. 557
Kyello - Santo Domingo	plate no. 558
On a Sia housetop	plate no. 559
Sia buffalo mask	plate no. 560
Shuati – Sia	plate no. 561
Sia street scene	plate no. 562
Sia buffalo mask	plate no. 563
Acoma belfry	plate no. 564
Feast day at Acoma	plate no. 565
Acoma from the south	plate no. 566
Old trail at Acoma	plate no. 567
Acoma water carriers	plate no. 568
At the gateway – Acoma	plate no. 569
Acoma Roadway	plate no. 570
At the old well of Acoma	plate no. 571
An Acoma Woman	plate no. 572
Acoma Water Girls	plate no. 573
Paguate	plate no. 574
Laguna architecture	plate no. 575
Replastering a Paguate house	plate no. 576
Laguna watchtower	plate no. 577
Paguate entrance	plate no. 578
Paguate watchtower	plate no. 579

Vol.17. The Tewa. The Zuñi.

Portfolio 17

Vol.18. The Chipewyan. The Western Woods Cree. The Sarsi.

Vol. 18 Illustrations
	Facing Page
A Blackfoot	Frontispiece
A Chipewyan tipi	4
Nasurethur - Chipewyan	6
Nasurethur, profile - Chipewyan	8
A Chipewyan woman	10
Camp among the aspens - Chipewyan	12
Berry-pickers in camp - Chipewyan	14
Calling a moose - Cree	16
A Cree	18
Cree fishing camp	20
Picking blueberries - Cree	22
A Piegan woman	24
Makoyepuk - "Wolf-child" - Blood	26
Niukskai-Stamik - "Three Bulls" - Blood	28
An old woman - Blood	30
Atso Tohkomi - "Call-on-all-sides" - Blood	32
Astanihkyi - "Come-singing" - Blood	34
A travois - Blackfoot	36
A typical Blackfoot	38
A Blackfoot soldier	40
Blackfoot finery	42
A Blackfoot woman	44
Blackfoot cookery	46
Kaistosinikyi - "Kill-for-nothing" - Blood	48
Cree tipis	60
Isqe-sis - "Woman Small" - and child - Cree	62
Cree boatwomen	64
A Cree camp	66
Landing - Cree	68
Birchbark baskets - Cree	70
Mawinehikis - "Tries-to-excel" - Cree	72
Lac les Isles - Cree	74
A Cree girl	76
Wapistan - "Marten" - Cree	78
Napeu - "Man" - Cree	80
A Cree canoe	82
Frame of the sponsor's tipi, Cree sun-dance	84
Cree woman with fur robe	86
Aki-tanni - "Two Guns" - Sarsi	92
Typical female physiognomy - Sarsi	94
Ka'ni - Sarsi	96
A Sarsi tipi	98
A Sarsi woman	100
A Sarsi kitchen	102
Missi-tsatsa - "Owl Old-woman" - Sarsi	104
A Piegan play tipi	106
A Blood horseman	108
Modern Blackfoot burial	110
Bow River and the sandhills - Blackfoot	112
In a Blackfoot camp	114
A medicine-bag - Blackfoot	116
Frame of the sun-lodge - Piegan	118
Offerings in the sun-lodge - Piegan	120
Central post of the sun lodge - Piegan	122
A Piegan war-bonnet	148
Oksoy-Apiw - "Raw-eater Old-man" - Blackfoot	156
Itsipstsinikyi - "Kills-inside" - Piegan	158
Piksohkomi - "Calling-bird" - Piegan	162
Assiniboin bowman	164
The chief - Assiniboin	166
Assiniboin camp near the Rocky Mountains	168
Woman's costume and baby swing - Assiniboin	170
Assiniboin camp on Bow River	172
Painted tipis - Assiniboin	174
A chief's son - Assiniboin	176
Akatsim-atsissi - "Whistle Smoke" - Piegan	178
A Piegan tipi	180
Transporting the ceremonial bag and tipi-cover of a Blackfoot society	182
A beaver-bundle - Blackfoot	184
A Blackfoot ceremonial bag	186
Fat horse, with insignia of a Blackfoot soldier	188
Head-dress of Matoki Society - Blood	190
Lodge of the Horn Society - Blood	192
Blackfoot war-bonnet	194
A Blackfoot tipi	196

Portfolio 18

List of Large Plates Supplementing Volume Eighteen
A Chipewyan tipi among the aspens	plate no. 616
Titishu-kghitluhl ("Deer Running")	plate no. 617
Tsaaassi-mis-salla ("Crow with Necklace") - Sarsi	plate no. 618
Muwu ("His Tooth") – Sarsi	plate no. 619
A Sarsi camp	plate no. 620
A Cree canoe on Lac Les Isles	plate no. 621
A Cree girl	plate no. 622
Moose hunter – Cree	plate no. 623
Cree tipis	plate no. 624
Moss for the baby-bags – Cree	plate no. 625
A Cree	plate no. 626
A Cree woman	plate no. 627
A Cree camp at Lac les Isles	plate no. 628
Chief Hector – Assiniboin	plate no. 629
Assiniboin hunter	plate no. 630
Kindling fire – Assiniboin	plate no. 631
Assiniboin mother and child	plate no. 632
Painted tipi – Assiniboin	plate no. 633
Placating the spirit of a slain eagle – Assiniboin	plate no. 634
Agichide – Assiniboin	plate no. 635
Blackfoot country	plate no. 636
A Blackfoot travois	plate no. 637
Medicine-headdress – Blackfoot	plate no. 638
Oksoyapiw – Blackfoot	plate no. 639
Bear Bull – Blackfoot	plate no. 640
Calf Child – Blackfoot	plate no. 641
Blackfoot tipis	plate no. 642
Fleshing a hide – Blackfoot	plate no. 643
Bow River – Blackfoot	plate no. 644
Lodge of the Horn Society – Blood	plate no. 645
Sacred bags of the Horn Society – Blood	plate no. 646
Makoyepuk ("Wolf-child") – Blood	plate no. 647
Apio-mita ("White Dog") – Blood	plate no. 648
Astanighkyi ("Come-singing") – Blood	plate no. 649
Stsimaki ("Reluctant-to-be-woman") – Blood	plate no. 650
Soyaksin - Blood	plate no. 651

Vol.19. The Indians of Oklahoma. The Wichita. The Southern Cheyenne. The Oto. The Comanche. The Peyote Cult.

Portfolio 19

Vol.20. The Alaskan Eskimo. The Nunivak. The Eskimo of Hooper Bay. The Eskimo of King Island. The Eskimo of Little Diomede Island. The Eskimo of Cape Prince of Wales. The Kotzebue Eskimo. The Noatak. The Kobuk. The Selawik.

Portfolio 20

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Vol.1. The Apache. The Jicarillas. The Navaho.

Vol. 1 Illustrations

Portfolio 1

List of Large Plates Supplementing Volume One

Vol.2. The Pima. The Papago. The Qahatika. The Mohave. The Yuma. The Maricopa. The Walapai. The Havasupai. The Apache-Mohave, or Yavapai.