Edward S. Curtis's The North American Indian

CONTENTS

Volume: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Vol.1. The Apache. The Jicarillas. The Navaho.

Portfolio 1

Vol.2. The Pima. The Papago. The Qahatika. The Mohave. The Yuma. The Maricopa. The Walapai. The Havasupai. The Apache-Mohave, or Yavapai.

Portfolio 2

Vol.3. The Teton Sioux. The Yanktonai. The Assiniboin.

Portfolio 3

Vol.4. The Apsaroke, or Crows. The Hidatsa.

THE NORTH AMERICAN INDIAN

Contents of Volume Four

Alphabet Used in Recording Indian Terms

Illustrations	vii
Introduction	xi
The Apsaroke, or Crows	1
General Characteristics	3
Tribal Organization	8
Arts	20
Social Customs - Daily Life	23
Historical Sketch	38
Religion and Ceremonies	52
War and the Chase	83
Myth and Legend	116
The Hidatsa	127
Tradition, Habitat, and Customs	129
Religious Beliefs and Ceremonies	143
Myth and Legend	162
Appendix	173
Tribal Summary	175
Hidatsa Songs	186
Apsaroke and Hidatsa Comparative Vocabulary	189
Biographical Sketches	197
Index	213

Portfolio 4

Vol.5. The Mandan. The Arikara. The Atsina.

Portfolio 5

Vol.6. The Piegan. The Cheyenne. The Arapaho.

Portfolio 6

Vol.7. The Yakima. The Klickitat. Salishan tribes of the interior. The Kutenai.

Portfolio 7

Vol.8. The Nez Perces. Wallawalla. Umatilla. Cayuse. The Chinookan tribes.

Portfolio 8

Vol.9. The Salishan tribes of the coast. The Chimakum and the Quilliute. The Willapa.

Portfolio 9

Vol.10. The Kwakiutl.

The North American Indian

Contents of Volume Ten

Alphabet Used in Recording Indian Terms

Illustrations	vii
Introduction	xi
The Kwakiutl	1
General Description	3
Sorcerers, Medicine-men, and Herb-doctors	63
Warriors and Warfare	98
Social Organization	124
Ceremonial Organization and Rites	155
Mythology	245
Appendix	301
Tribal Summary	303
Kwakiutl Songs	311
Vocabularies	327
Index	339

Vol. 10 Illustrations
	Facing Page
Tenaktak Wedding Guests	Frontispiece
Sailing - Qagyuhl	Facing page 4
Nimkish Village at Alert Bay	8
A House-front - Awaitlala	10
A "Begged-from" Cedar	12
A Fair Breeze	14
Preparing Cedar-bark - Nakoaktok	16
A Tsawatenok House-front	18
A Koskimo House	20
A Koskimo Dandy	22
Front Interior Posts of a Koskimo House	24
At Kwaustums Village	26
The Octopus Catcher - Qa'gyuhl	28
Ready for the Cast - Qa'gyuhl	30
Tenaktak Canoes	32
Tenaktak House, Harbledown Island	34
At Memkumlis	36
Kwaustums Village, Gilford Island	38
A Kwakiutl Canoe	44
The Hand-game - Qagyuhl	48
A Mamalelekala Chief's Mortuary House	52
Tsawatenok Tree Burial	54
Mamalelekala Cemetery on Village Island	56
Kekuhtlala - Koeksotenok	62
Naemahlpunkfuma - Hahuamis	66
Lagyus - Tsawatenok	70
Tlahleelis - Koprino	74
Gyalkum - Koskimo	78
Nultsi - Lekwiltok	82
Yumqas - Mamalelekala	Facing page 86
Tsawatenok Girl	90
Twin Child Healer - Koskimo (a)	92
Twin Child Healer (b)	94
Nakoaktok Warrior	98
Crossing the Strait	104
Embarking	108
Crests of a Nimkish Family	138
Tenaktak Crest Posts, Harbledown Island	140
Nakoaktok Chief and Copper	146
PaqusilaIh Emerging from the Woods - Qagyuhl	158
Kaloqutsuis - Koskimo	160
Kaloqutsuis - Qagyuhl	162
Nu'nalalahl - Qagyuhl	164
Paqusilahl - Qagyuhl	166
Hamatsa Emerging from the Woods - Koskimo	172
A Nakoaktok Mawihl	174
A Nakoaktok Mawihl	176
Nunhltsistalahl - Qagyuhl	178
Hamatsa - Qagyuhl	182
Nane - Qagyuhl	184
Tsunukwalah - Qagyuhl	186
A Hamatsa Costume - Nakoaktok	194
Grizzly-bear Dancer - Qagyuhl	202
An Incident of the Winter Dance - Nakoaktok	210
Sisiutl Dancer - Qagyuhl	212
Sisiutl - Qagyuhl	214
Nuhlimahla - Qagyuhl	216
Hamasilahl - Qagyuhl	228
Tawihyilahl - Qagyuhl	230
Qunhulahl - Qagyuhl	232
Kwahwumhl - Koskimo	234
Hami - Koskimo	236
Atlumhl - Koskimo	238
Nuhltmkilaka - Koskimo	240
A Tlu'wulahu Mask - Tsawatenok	Facing page 242
A Tlu'wulahu Costume - Qagyuhl	244
Mask of Octopus Hunter - Qagyuhl	246
Waswaslikyi - Qagyuhl	248
Thunderbirds and Whales	250
Pgwis - Qagyuhl	262
A Koeksotenok House-front	264
Komuqi - Qagyuhl	276
A Tsunukwa at Kwaustums	296
The Octopus Hunter - Qagyuhl	298

Portfolio 10

List of Large Plates Supplementing Volume Ten
Painting a hat – Nakoaktok	plate no. 329
Carved posts at Alert Bay	plate no. 330
Qa'hila – Koprinok	plate no. 331
Mowakiu – Tsawatenok	plate no. 332
Hamasaka in Tlu'wulahu costume with speaker's staff –Qagyuhl	plate no. 333
Nakoaktok chief's daughter	plate no. 334
Siwit – Awaitlala	plate no. 335
Kotsuis and Hohhuq – Nakoaktok	plate no. 336
Coming for the bride	plate no. 337
Chief's party – Qagyuhlk	plate no. 338
On the beach – Nakoaktokk	plate no. 339
In Kwakiutl waters	plate no. 340
Koskimo house-post	plate no. 341
Gathering abalones – Nakoaktok	plate no. 342
Kwakiutl house-frame	plate no. 343
Wedding party – Qagyuhl	plate no. 344
Quatsino Sound	plate no. 345
Yakotlus - Quatsino, profile	plate no. 346
Yakotlus – Quatsino	plate no. 347
Group of winter dancers – Qagyuhl	plate no. 348
Fire-drill – Koskimo	plate no. 349
Nimkish village at Alert Bay	plate no. 350
Masked dancers in canoes - Qagyhl, A	plate no. 351
Rounding into port – Qagyhl	plate no. 352
Qagyuhl village at Fort Rupert	plate no. 353
Koskimo woman	plate no. 354
Dancing to restore an eclipsed moon – Qagyuhl	plate no. 355
Sailing – Qagyuhl	plate no. 356
Wedding guests	plate no. 357
Masked dancers – Qagyuhl	plate no. 358
Passing a dreaded point	plate no. 359
Inland waterway	plate no. 360
Bridal group	plate no. 361
Masked dancers in canoes - Qagyuhl, B	plate no. 362
Tsulniti – Koskimo	plate no. 363
Chief's daughter - Nakoaktok	plate no. 364

Vol.11. The Nootka. The Haida.

Vol. 11 Illustrations
	Facing Page
A Nootka Belle	frontispiece
Village of Nootka	facing page 4
Tsahwismia - Nootka	6
Boston Cove	8
The Lake at Nootka>	10
A Nootka	12
Village Scene - Neah Bay	14
Makah Basketry	16
On Clayoquot Sound	18
Ceremonial Preparation for Whaling	20
Whale Ceremonial	22
Whaling Floats	26
The Whaler's Wife	28
Fastening the Harpoon Point	30
A Woman of Hesquiat	34
A Partially Cut up Whale	36
A Clayoquot Maiden	38
Cooking Whale Blubber	40
Hesquiat Girl in Cedar-bark Costume	42
Hesquiat Profile	44
Suqitlaa	46
Suqitlaa - Profile	48
A Shaman or Medicine Woman	50
Costume of a Woman Shaman - Clayoquot	54
Shaman and Patient	56
Woman Shaman Looking for Clairvoyant Visions - Clayoquot	58
Old Houses - Neah Bay	60
Clayoquot Woman in Cedar-bark Hat	62
A Hesquiat Belle	64
A Sea-otter Hunter	68
Waiting for the Seal	70
Harpooning	72
Ready to Throw the Harpoon	74
Halibut Fishers - Neah Bay	76
Gathering Seaweed	78
Before the Storm - Makah	80
The Shores of Nootka	82
Quiet Waters	84
By the Sea - Nootka	86
Dancing Mask - Nootka	88
Ceremonial Costume of Hemlock Boughs	90
The Bear Costume - Nootka	94
A Clayoquot Woman	96
Gathering Seaweed	98
Sketch of an Indian Fish-trap	100
The Old Makah	102
A Makah Profile	104
A Makah Woman	106
The Makah	108
Nootka Man	110
A Woman of Nootka	112
A Haida of Kung	116
A Raven Totem at Yan	118
Totems at Yan	120
Totems at Kung	122
A Bear Totem at Bassett	124
Totem at Yan, Representing a Caucasian	126
Sepulture in a Post at Yan	128
A Decaying Houseframe - Haida	130
A Haida of Massett	132
Haida Canoes	134
Slate Carvings Representing a Haida Shaman	136
A Haida Shaman's Rattle	138
Shaman's Rattle - Haida	142
Chilkat Blanket, the Haida Ceremonial Robe	144
Ravan Chief of Skidgate - Haida	146
Stlina, of Massett - Haida	148
Hahlkaiyans, of Massett - Haida	150
Kitkun, of Massett - Haida	152
A Haida Girl	154
Koyans - Haida	156
Ihltawat, of Massett - Haida	158
Hayas, of Kayung - Haida	160
A Woman of Massett - Haida	162
A Woman of Kiusta - Haida	164
Haida Slate Pipe	166

Portfolio 11

List of Large Plates Supplementing Volume Eleven
Bowman	plate no. 365
Shores of Nootka Sound	plate no. 366
Hesquiat root digger	plate no. 367
Berry-picker – Clayoquot	plate no.368
Berry-picker – Clayoquot	plate no. 369
Whale ceremonial – Clayoquot	plate no. 370
Whale ceremonial – Clayoquot	plate no. 371
Clayoquot girl	plate no. 372
Canoeing on Clayoquot Sound	plate no. 373
Nootka method of spearing	plate no. 374
Oldest man of Nootka	plate no.375
Oldest man of Nootka	plate no. 376
Oldest man of Nootka	plate no. 377
Clayoquot type	plate no. 378
Hesquiat maiden	plate no. 379
Into the shadow – Clayoquot	plate no. 380
Nootka woman wearing cedar-bark blanket	plate no. 381
Whaler – Clayoquot	plate no. 382
Bark gatherer	plate no.383
Nootka woman	plate no. 384
Makah maiden	plate no. 385
At Nootka	plate no. 386
Waiting for the canoe	plate no. 387
Haiyahl – Nootka	plate no. 388
Shores of Nootka Sound	plate no.389
Nootka man	plate no. 390
On the west coast of Vancouver Island	plate no. 391
On the west coast of Vancouver Island	plate no. 392
Return of halibut fishers	plate no. 393
Whaler	plate no. 394
Whaler – Makah	plate no.395
Captured whale	plate no. 396
Haida chief's tomb at Yan	plate no. 397
Haida of Massett	plate no. 398
Haida of Kung	plate no. 399
Haida slate carvings	plate no. 400

Vol.12. The Hopi.

Portfolio 12

Vol.13. The Hupa. The Yurok. The Karok. The Wiyot. Tolowa and Tututni. The Shasta. The Achomawi. The Klamath.

Portfolio 13

Vol.14. The Kato. The Wailaki. The Yuki. The Pomo. The Wintun. The Maidu. The Miwok. The Yokuts.

Portfolio 14

Vol.15. Southern California Shoshoneans. The Diegueños. Plateau Shoshoneans. The Washo.

Portfolio 15

Vol.16. The Tiwa. The Keres.

Portfolio 16

Vol.17. The Tewa. The Zuñi.

Vol. 17 Illustrations
	Facing Page
The cliff-dweller	Frontispiece
A San Juan home	4
A San Juan man	6
Tse-ka - "Douglas Spruce Leaf", cacique of San Juan	8
Good luck dance by San Juan hunters	10
Shrine of Yellow Cloud Man on Tsikumupi - Tewa	12
Winnowing wheat - San Juan	14
Firing pottery - Santa Clara	16
Santa Clara and the Rio Grande	18
A San Juan farmhouse	20
The harvest - San Juan	22
Tewa dance - costume	24
Cleaning wheat - San Juan	26
A kiva at Santa Clara	28
Puye	30
Cave-dwellings at Puye	32
Ruins on the mesa at Puye	34
Oyegi-aye - "Frost Moving", Santa Clara governor	36
Peach harvest - San Ildefonso	38
Pojoaque	40
By the old well at San Juan	42
Tewa war-god effigies	44
San Ildefonso women	46
In Santa Clara	48
Ko-pi - "Buffalo Mountain" - San Juan	50
Okuwa-tsire - "Cloud Bird" - San Ildefonso	52
Eagle dancer - San Ildefonso	54
Tablita woman dancer - San Ildefonso	56
Oyi-sawi - "Ice Terrace" - Santa Clara	58
Tablita dance - San Ildefonso - A	60
Tablita dance - San Ildefonso - B	62
Tablita dance - San Ildefonso - C	64
Tablita dancers returning to the kiva - San Ildefonso	66
Tablita dancers at the kiva - San Ildefonso	68
Tablita dancers - San Ildefonso	70
A kiva at Nambe	72
Yan-tse - "Willow Yellow" - Nambe	74
Pose-aye - "Dew Moving", profile - Nambe	76
Pose-aye - "Dew Moving" - Nambe	78
Fo-e - "Snow Child" - Santa Clara	80
Zuñi	84
Corn Mountain	86
Onate's inscription	88
Monastery and church at Hawikuh	90
Hawikuh - A	92
Hawikuh - B	94
A Zuñi house shrine	96
Zuñi village at Ojo Caliente	98
Zuñi gardens	100
Zuñi pottery	102
A Zuñi doorway	104
Boy and girl columns at Corn Mountain - Zuñi	106
Ruins on Corn Mountain - Zuñi	108
Zuñi water carriers	110
Shiwawatiwa - Zuñi	112
Zuñi ornaments	114
Siyotiwa, Zuñi kyaqimassi	116
A Zuñi girl	118
Laitsanyasitsa - Zuñi	120
A Zuñi man	122
A Zuñi governor	124
Kuse-pi - "Rock-purple Mountain" - San Juan	126
A San Juan matron	128
Yan-tsire - "Willow Bird" - San Ildefonso	130
Povi-yemo - "Flower Falling" - San Ildefonso	132
Agoyo-aye - "Star Moving" - San Ildefonso	134
A Nambe girl	136
Kwaa-Povi - "Bead Flower" - Nambe	138
Mowa - "Shining Light" - Nambe	140
A Santa Clara man	142
Agoyo-tsa - "Star White" - Santa Clara	144
Tambe - "Drum" - Santa Clara	146
A Tesuque ancient	148
Shrine and effigies of the elder war-god on Corn Mountain - Zuñi	150

Portfolio 17

List of Large Plates Supplementing Volume Seventeen
Sentinel - San Ildefonso	plate no. 580
Povi-Tamu ("Flower Morning") - San Ildefonso	plate no. 581
Okuwa-tse ("Cloud Yellow") - San Ildefonso	plate no. 582
On the Rio Grande - San Ildefonso	plate no. 583
Kiva stairs, San Ildefonso	plate no. 584
Fruit gatherer - San Ildefonso	plate no. 585
Offering - San Ildefonso	plate no. 586
San Ildefonso pottery	plate no. 587
Tablita dancers and singers - San Ildefonso	plate no. 588
In San Ildefonso	plate no. 589
Girl and jar - San Ildefonso	plate no. 590
In the gray morning - San Ildefonso	plate no. 591
Offering to the sun - San Ildefonso	plate no. 592
From the threshing floor - San Juan	plate no. 593
Washing wheat - San Juan	plate no. 594
Street scene at San Juan	plate no. 595
Ambrosio Martinez - San Juan	plate no. 596
San Juan pottery	plate no. 597
Gossiping - San Juan	plate no. 598
Offering at the waterfall – Nambe	plate no. 599
Tesuque buffalo dancers	plate no. 600
Oyi (Duck White), summer cacique of Santa Clara	plate no. 601
Potter - Santa Clara	plate no. 602
Pottery burners at Santa Clara	plate no. 603
Inscription rock	plate no. 604
Zuni street scene	plate no. 605
Grinding medicine – Zuni	plate no. 606
Zuni governor	plate no. 607
Load of fuel – Zuni	plate no. 608
Terraced houses of Zuni	plate no. 609
Zuni girls at the river	plate no. 610
Lutakawi, Zuni Governor	plate no. 611
Waihusiwa, a Zuni kyaqimassi	plate no. 612
Zuni girl	plate no. 613
Zuni woman	plate no. 614
Corner of Zuni	plate no. 615

Vol.18. The Chipewyan. The Western Woods Cree. The Sarsi.

The North American Indian

Contents of Volume Eighteen

Illustrations	vii
Alphabet Used in Recording Indians Terms	x
Introduction	xi
The Chipewyan	1
The Western Woods Cree	53
The Sarsi	89
Mythology	123
Be-tsune-yenehlshai, His Grandmother She-reared-him	125
Bozeli-aze, Powerless Small	126
Tseqi Tsatsane Hehohl'ai, Woman Copper She-found	127
The First Beavers	128
Dza-ghal-iaze, Lower-leg Trembles Little	128
Da-tsa-thi, Beak Excrement [Raven] Head	129
Niyanimis Overcomes Cold	129
Origin of the Sun Dance	131
Some Adventures of Wisakechahk, The Trickster	132
Isqeu Ka-napeu Isihut, Woman Like-man Dressed	133
The Chief's Son Who Wanted an Otter-skin	134
Missu-ghunnisagha, His-grandmother Reared-him	136
The Girl Who Married a Star	140
The Creation	141
Sarsi Migration Myth	141
His Brother Chopped the Tree Down with Him in the Water	141
Natuusughu-sitinne, Snake Sleeping	143
Appendix	145
Tribal Summary	147
Vocabularies	199
Chipewyan	201
Cree	205
Sarsi	210
Northern Assiniboin	214
Index	219

Vol. 18 Illustrations
	Facing Page
A Blackfoot	Frontispiece
A Chipewyan tipi	4
Nasurethur - Chipewyan	6
Nasurethur, profile - Chipewyan	8
A Chipewyan woman	10
Camp among the aspens - Chipewyan	12
Berry-pickers in camp - Chipewyan	14
Calling a moose - Cree	16
A Cree	18
Cree fishing camp	20
Picking blueberries - Cree	22
A Piegan woman	24
Makoyepuk - "Wolf-child" - Blood	26
Niukskai-Stamik - "Three Bulls" - Blood	28
An old woman - Blood	30
Atso Tohkomi - "Call-on-all-sides" - Blood	32
Astanihkyi - "Come-singing" - Blood	34
A travois - Blackfoot	36
A typical Blackfoot	38
A Blackfoot soldier	40
Blackfoot finery	42
A Blackfoot woman	44
Blackfoot cookery	46
Kaistosinikyi - "Kill-for-nothing" - Blood	48
Cree tipis	60
Isqe-sis - "Woman Small" - and child - Cree	62
Cree boatwomen	64
A Cree camp	66
Landing - Cree	68
Birchbark baskets - Cree	70
Mawinehikis - "Tries-to-excel" - Cree	72
Lac les Isles - Cree	74
A Cree girl	76
Wapistan - "Marten" - Cree	78
Napeu - "Man" - Cree	80
A Cree canoe	82
Frame of the sponsor's tipi, Cree sun-dance	84
Cree woman with fur robe	86
Aki-tanni - "Two Guns" - Sarsi	92
Typical female physiognomy - Sarsi	94
Ka'ni - Sarsi	96
A Sarsi tipi	98
A Sarsi woman	100
A Sarsi kitchen	102
Missi-tsatsa - "Owl Old-woman" - Sarsi	104
A Piegan play tipi	106
A Blood horseman	108
Modern Blackfoot burial	110
Bow River and the sandhills - Blackfoot	112
In a Blackfoot camp	114
A medicine-bag - Blackfoot	116
Frame of the sun-lodge - Piegan	118
Offerings in the sun-lodge - Piegan	120
Central post of the sun lodge - Piegan	122
A Piegan war-bonnet	148
Oksoy-Apiw - "Raw-eater Old-man" - Blackfoot	156
Itsipstsinikyi - "Kills-inside" - Piegan	158
Piksohkomi - "Calling-bird" - Piegan	162
Assiniboin bowman	164
The chief - Assiniboin	166
Assiniboin camp near the Rocky Mountains	168
Woman's costume and baby swing - Assiniboin	170
Assiniboin camp on Bow River	172
Painted tipis - Assiniboin	174
A chief's son - Assiniboin	176
Akatsim-atsissi - "Whistle Smoke" - Piegan	178
A Piegan tipi	180
Transporting the ceremonial bag and tipi-cover of a Blackfoot society	182
A beaver-bundle - Blackfoot	184
A Blackfoot ceremonial bag	186
Fat horse, with insignia of a Blackfoot soldier	188
Head-dress of Matoki Society - Blood	190
Lodge of the Horn Society - Blood	192
Blackfoot war-bonnet	194
A Blackfoot tipi	196

Portfolio 18

List of Large Plates Supplementing Volume Eighteen
A Chipewyan tipi among the aspens	plate no. 616
Titishu-kghitluhl ("Deer Running")	plate no. 617
Tsaaassi-mis-salla ("Crow with Necklace") - Sarsi	plate no. 618
Muwu ("His Tooth") – Sarsi	plate no. 619
A Sarsi camp	plate no. 620
A Cree canoe on Lac Les Isles	plate no. 621
A Cree girl	plate no. 622
Moose hunter – Cree	plate no. 623
Cree tipis	plate no. 624
Moss for the baby-bags – Cree	plate no. 625
A Cree	plate no. 626
A Cree woman	plate no. 627
A Cree camp at Lac les Isles	plate no. 628
Chief Hector – Assiniboin	plate no. 629
Assiniboin hunter	plate no. 630
Kindling fire – Assiniboin	plate no. 631
Assiniboin mother and child	plate no. 632
Painted tipi – Assiniboin	plate no. 633
Placating the spirit of a slain eagle – Assiniboin	plate no. 634
Agichide – Assiniboin	plate no. 635
Blackfoot country	plate no. 636
A Blackfoot travois	plate no. 637
Medicine-headdress – Blackfoot	plate no. 638
Oksoyapiw – Blackfoot	plate no. 639
Bear Bull – Blackfoot	plate no. 640
Calf Child – Blackfoot	plate no. 641
Blackfoot tipis	plate no. 642
Fleshing a hide – Blackfoot	plate no. 643
Bow River – Blackfoot	plate no. 644
Lodge of the Horn Society – Blood	plate no. 645
Sacred bags of the Horn Society – Blood	plate no. 646
Makoyepuk ("Wolf-child") – Blood	plate no. 647
Apio-mita ("White Dog") – Blood	plate no. 648
Astanighkyi ("Come-singing") – Blood	plate no. 649
Stsimaki ("Reluctant-to-be-woman") – Blood	plate no. 650
Soyaksin - Blood	plate no. 651

Vol.19. The Indians of Oklahoma. The Wichita. The Southern Cheyenne. The Oto. The Comanche. The Peyote Cult.

Portfolio 19

Vol.20. The Alaskan Eskimo. The Nunivak. The Eskimo of Hooper Bay. The Eskimo of King Island. The Eskimo of Little Diomede Island. The Eskimo of Cape Prince of Wales. The Kotzebue Eskimo. The Noatak. The Kobuk. The Selawik.

Portfolio 20

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