Edward S. Curtis's The North American Indian

CONTENTS

Volume: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Vol.1. The Apache. The Jicarillas. The Navaho.

THE NORTH AMERICAN INDIAN

Contents of Volume One

Alphabet Used In Recording Indian Terms

Illustrations	vii
Foreword	xi
General Introduction	xiii
Introduction to Volume One	xix
The Apache	1
Historical Sketch	3
Homeland and Life	13
Mythology	23
Medicine and Medicine-Men	35
The Jicarillas	51
Home and General Customs	53
Mythology	60
The Navaho	71
Home Life, Arts, and Beliefs	73
History	81
MYTHOLOGY	83
Ceremonies	116
Appendix	129
Tribal Summary	131
Southern Athapascan Comparative Vocabulary	139
Index	145

Portfolio 1

Vol.2. The Pima. The Papago. The Qahatika. The Mohave. The Yuma. The Maricopa. The Walapai. The Havasupai. The Apache-Mohave, or Yavapai.

Portfolio 2

Vol.3. The Teton Sioux. The Yanktonai. The Assiniboin.

Vol. 3 Illustrations
	Facing Page
The Sioux	Frontispiece
Calico - Ogalala	2
In the Shadow of the Cliff	4
In Camp	6
When Winter Comes	8
Shield - Ogalala	10
Start of a War-party	12
Stands First - Ogalala	14
Good Lance - Ogalala	16
Mother and Child	18
Daughters of a Chief	20
Tipi Construction (A)	22
Tipi Construction (B)	24
Pipe-bags	26
Sioux Maiden	28
Scalp-shirts	30
Iron Plume - Ogalala	32
Short Log - Two Kettle	34
Brule Warriors	36
Struck By Crow - Ogalala	38
Sioux Hunters	40
Scouts	42
Custer Battle-field - Map	44
Custer's Crow Scouts	46
White Man Runs Him	48
Custer Monument	50
White Man Runs Him	52
Red Cloud's Granddaughter	54
Elk Head, and the Sacred Pipe Bundle	56
The Camp	58
Daughter of American Horse	60
Ogalala Child	62
Big Road's Twin Daughters	64
In the Mountains	66
Fasting	68
Slow Bull's Tipi	70
A Prairie Camp	72
Huka-lowapi - Fire-carrier Bringing the Skull	74
Huka-lowapi - " Work-do removes the covering"	76
Huka-lowapi- Painting the Skull	78
Huka-lowapi - The Altar Complete	80
Singing Deeds of Valor	82
Crow Dog - Brule	84
Slow Bull's Wife	86
After the Snow	88
No Flesh - Ogalala	90
The Parley	92
Blue Horse - Ogalala	94
Drying Meat	96
Returned Scout - Ogalala	98
Good Day Woman - Ogalala	100
He Crow - Ogalala	102
Making Camp	104
Kills In Timber - Ogalala	106
Standing Bear - Ogalala	108
Little Hawk - Brule	110
Ring Thunder - Brule	112
Elk Boy - Ogalala	114
Spotted Elk - Brule	116
His Fights - Ogalala	118
A River Camp - Yanktonai	120
Gray Bear - Yanktonai	122
Yellow Horse - Yanktonai	124
Camp Life - Assiniboin	126
An Assiniboin Lodge	128
Long Fox - Assiniboin	130
Good Voice Hawk - Yanktonai	132
Flying Shield - Yanktonai	134
Winter-count - First Period	158
Winter-count- 1540	160
Winter-count - 1680	162
Winter-count - 1701-1727	164
Charge Crow - Yanktonai	180
Eagle Elk - Ogalala	182
Fast Thunder - Ogalala	184
Little Dog - Brule	186
Red Hawk - Ogalala	188
Yellow Hawk - Yanktonai	188

Portfolio 3

List of Large Plates Supplementing Volume Three
Medicine-man	plate no. 76
Ogalala war-party	plate no. 77
Two Strike	plate no. 78
Sioux chiefs	plate no. 79
Oasis in the Bad Lands	plate no. 80
Jack Red Cloud	plate no. 81
Hollow Horn Bear	plate no. 82
Sun dancer	plate no. 83
Slow Bull - Ogalala	plate no. 84
Brule war-party	plate no. 85
Gray day in the Bad Lands	plate no. 86
High Hawk	plate no. 87
Prairie chief	plate no. 88
Little Hawk	plate no. 89
Hukalowapi ceremony	plate no. 90
Prayer to the Mystery	plate no. 91
Fast Elk	plate no. 92
Sioux camp	plate no. 93
Ogalala woman	plate no. 94
In the land of the Sioux	plate no. 95
Ogalala girls	plate no. 96
Sioux girl	plate no. 97
Planning a raid	plate no. 98
Morning attack	plate no. 99
Heavy load - Sioux	plate no. 100
Black Eagle - Assiniboin	plate no. 101
Mosquito Hawk - Assiniboin	plate no. 102
Red Cloud - Ogalala	plate no. 103
Crazy Thunder - Ogalala	plate no. 104
Wood gatherer - Sioux	plate no. 105
Winter camp - Sioux	plate no. 106
Assiniboin camp	plate no. 107
American Horse - Ogalala	plate no. 108
Invocation - Sioux	plate no. 109
Mountain-sheep hunter - Sioux	plate no. 110
In the Bad Lands	plate no. 119

Vol.4. The Apsaroke, or Crows. The Hidatsa.

Vol. 4 Illustrations
	Facing Page
The Oath	Frontispiece
Hide Stretching - Apsaroke	4
Hide Scraping - Apsaroke	6
Pack-horse - Apsaroke	8
Hunts To Die - Apsaroke	10
Fog In The Morning - Apsaroke
An Apsaroke Lodge	18
Apsaroke Horse Trappings	20
Apsaroke Woman	22
Apsaroke Mother	24
A Young Horsewoman	26
Playmates - Apsaroke	28
Bird On The Ground	32
Does Everything - Apsaroke	34
A Burial Platform - Apsaroke	36
Scaffold Burial - Apsaroke	38
The Winter Camp - Apsaroke	40
In The Cañon - Apsaroke	42
Apsaroke Youths	44
A Baby Apsaroke	46
Sisters - Apsaroke
Medicine Tripod - Apsaroke	52
Sweat-lodge - Apsaroke	54
Medicine Lodge - Apsaroke	56
Hunts The Enemy - Apsaroke	58
Tobacco Ceremonial Lodge - Apsaroke	64
Tobacco Ceremony - Apsaroke	66
Apsaroke Maiden	68
Flathead Woman - Apsaroke	70
The Eagle Medicine-man - Apsaroke	74
The Sun Dancer - Apsaroke	76
"For strength and visions"	78
The Sun Dance Votary - Apsaroke	80
On Top - Apsaroke	84
The Scout - Apsaroke	86
Old Dog - Apsaroke	88
Big Ox - Apsaroke	90
The Lookout - Apsaroke	94
Apsaroke Camp	96
Hairy Moccasins - Apsaroke	98
Goes Ahead - Apsaroke	100
Moving - Apsaroke	102
Bull Goes Hunting - Apsaroke	104
Approaching Winter - Apsaroke	106
Spotted Jack-rabbit - Apsaroke	108
The Parade - Apsaroke	104
Winter Hunters - Apsaroke	106
A Winter Day - Apsaroke	116
"The chief had a beautiful daughter"	118
Two Leggings Lodge - Apsaroke	120
Site of Abandoned Hidatsa Village	130
Sitting Owl - Hisatsa	132
Lean Wolf - Hidsatsa	134
The Eagle-catcher	136
Hidatsa Man	138
Hidatsa Bull-boat	140
Hidatsa Mother	142
White Duck - Hidatsa	144
Hidatsa Woman	148
Incense over a Medicine Bundle-Hidatsa	150
Long-time Dog - Hidatsa	152
"He perceived an earthen vessel"	156
Rabbit-head - Hidatsa	158
Holds the Eagle - Hidatsa	160
"Crying to the spirits"	166
In the Forest	166
Mother and Child - Apsaroke	178
The Mythic Stone - Hidatsa	184
Home of the Water-monster	186
The Mythic Tree	188
Bull Tongue - Apsaroke	198
Skins Wolf - Apsaroke	206
Young Hairy Wolf - Apsaroke	208
Good Bear - Hidatsa	210

Portfolio 4

List of Large Plates Supplementing Volume Four
Two Whistles - Apsaroke	plate no. 111
Apsaroke war-chief	plate no. 112
Two Leggings - Apsaroke	plate no. 113
On the Little Bighorn - Apsaroke	plate no. 114
White Man Runs Him - Apsaroke	plate no. 115
Watching for the signal - Apsaroke	plate no. 116
Medicine Crow - Apsaroke	plate no. 117
Hoop On The Forehead - Apsaroke	plate no. 118
Red Wing - Apsaroke	plate no. 120
Bread - Apsaroke	plate no. 121
Spirit of the past - Apsaroke	plate no. 122
Wolf Lies Down - Apsaroke	plate no. 123
Plenty Coups - Apsaroke	plate no. 124
Ready for the charge - Apsaroke	plate no. 125
Going to camp - Apsaroke	plate no. 126
Winter - Apsaroke	plate no. 127
Bull Chief - Apsaroke	plate no. 128
For a winter campaign - Apsaroke	plate no. 129
Autumn - Apsaroke	plate no. 130
Scout in winter - Apsaroke	plate no. 131
Passing the cliff - Apsaroke	plate no. 132
Shot In The Hand - Apsaroke	plate no. 133
Swallow Bird - Apsaroke	plate no. 134
Fish Shows - Apsaroke	plate no. 135
In Black Cañon - Apsaroke	plate no. 136
Chief and his staff - Apsaroke	plate no. 137
Successful raid for the horses - Apsaroke	plate no. 138
Upshaw - Apsaroke	plate no. 139
Mountain fastness - Apsaroke	plate no. 140
Apsaroke medicine tipi	plate no. 141
Wolf - Apsaroke	plate no. 142
Lone Tree - Apsaroke	plate no. 143
Coups Well-Known - Apsaroke	plate no. 144
Wet - Apsaroke	plate no. 145
Sitting Elk - Apsaroke	plate no. 146
Apsaroke war group	plate no. 147

Vol.5. The Mandan. The Arikara. The Atsina.

Portfolio 5

Vol.6. The Piegan. The Cheyenne. The Arapaho.

Portfolio 6

Vol.7. The Yakima. The Klickitat. Salishan tribes of the interior. The Kutenai.

Portfolio 7

Vol.8. The Nez Perces. Wallawalla. Umatilla. Cayuse. The Chinookan tribes.

THE NORTH AMERICAN INDIAN

Contents of Volume Eight

Alphabet Used in Recording Indian Terms

Illustrations	vii
Introduction	xi
The Nez Perces	1
Historical Sketch	3
General Description	40
Religion and Ceremonies	52
Wallawalla, Umatilla, Cayuse	77
The Chinookan Tribes	83
General Description	86
Mythology	106
Appendix	155
Tribal Summary	157
Additional Nez Perce Songs	183
Additional Wishham Songs	185
Vocabularies	191
Index	207

Portfolio 8

Vol.9. The Salishan tribes of the coast. The Chimakum and the Quilliute. The Willapa.

Portfolio 9

Vol.10. The Kwakiutl.

The North American Indian

Contents of Volume Ten

Alphabet Used in Recording Indian Terms

Illustrations	vii
Introduction	xi
The Kwakiutl	1
General Description	3
Sorcerers, Medicine-men, and Herb-doctors	63
Warriors and Warfare	98
Social Organization	124
Ceremonial Organization and Rites	155
Mythology	245
Appendix	301
Tribal Summary	303
Kwakiutl Songs	311
Vocabularies	327
Index	339

Portfolio 10

Vol.11. The Nootka. The Haida.

Portfolio 11

Vol.12. The Hopi.

The North American Indian

Contents of Volume Twelve

Illustrations	vii
Alphabet Used in Recording Indians Terms	ix
Introduction	xi
The Hopi	1
General Description	3
Clan Legends	74
Religion	99
Ceremonies	105
Tradition and Mythology	184
Appendix	217
Tribal Summary	219
Vocabulary	243
Index	253

Vol. 12 Illustrations
	Facing Page
Nova - Walpi	Frontispiece
The Trail to Shipaulovi	Facing page 4
Approaching the Gap at Walpi	6
Return of a Trading Party	8
On a Walpi Housetop	10
A Visitor	12
Hotavila	14
Pakavi	16
Gossip at the Waterhole	18
Hopi Architecture	20
Household Utensils	22
On a Housetop - Walpi	24
East Mesa Pottery	26
Oraibi Plaques	28
Hano and Walpi Girls Wearing Atoo	30
A Hopi Flock	34
The Delights of Childhood	36
A Cave at Middle Mesa	38
Hopi Bridal Costume	40
A Cornfield	42
Grinding Meal	44
A Melon Field
Walled Gardens at Middle Mensa	46
The Stairway Trail at Walpi	48
Hopi Farmers, Yesterday and Today	50
A Hopi Woman	52
In the Cradle-basket	54
A Hopi Mother	56
A Middle Mesa Albino	60
Drying Pottery	62
Potter Building Her Kiln	64
Firing Pottery	66
An Ancient Pottery Kiln	68
Pele - Tewa	70
Tsetsanu - Tewa	72
Puliini and Koyame - Walpi	74
A Load of Wood	76
Shongopavi	78
The Plaza at Walpi	80
An Afternoon Chat	82
The Weaver	84
Good Morning	86
A Peach Orchard	88
Kachina Dolls	100
Shipaulovi Snake Kiva	106
Spectators at the Snake Dance	122
A Snake Priest	124
Walpi Snake Chief	126
Sikyaletstiwa - Shipaulovi Snake Chief	128
The Prayer	130
Snake Priest Entering the Kiva	132
Guarding the Snake Kiva	134
Singing to the Snakes - Shipaulovi	136
Antelopes Starting for the Plaza - Shipaulovi	138
Snakes and Antelopes at Oraibi	140
Snake Dancer and "Hugger"	142
The "Catcher"	144
A "Catcher" Picking up a Snake	146
Picking up the Snakes	148
Depositing Snakes in the Circle of Meal	150
Oraibi Snake Dance	152
Oraibi Snake Dance	154
Awaiting the Return of the Snake Racers	156
Snake Jars in the Kiva	158
Flute Dancers Dressing at Kachina House	160
Dressing the Flute Maiden	162
Flute Boys, Priest, and Maidens	164
Flute Dancers Approaching the Spring	166
Dressing at Tawapa Spring, Walpi Flute Ceremony	168
Entering the Spring, Walpi Flute Dance	170
Flute Dancers Returning to Walpi	172
Offering Sacred Meal, Mishongnovi Flute Dance	174
Sumaikuli Katsina at Hano	176
Buffalo Dance at hano	178
An East Mesa Girl	180

Portfolio 12

List of Large Plates Supplementing Volume Twelve
Loitering at the spring	plate no. 400
Buffalo dance at Hano	plate no. 401
Tewa girl	plate no. 402
Hopi mother	plate no. 403
Antelopes and snakes at Oraibi	plate no. 404
Watching the dancers	plate no. 405
Hopi girl	plate no. 406
Evening in Hopi land	plate no. 407
Honovi - Walpi snake priest, with Totokya Day painting	plate no. 408
On the housetop	plate no. 409
Walpi	plate no. 410
Hopi woman	plate no. 411
Hopi maiden	plate no. 412
Counting the record	plate no. 413
Chaiwa – Tewa	plate no. 414
Chaiwa - Tewa, profile	plate no. 415
At the trysting place	plate no. 416
East side of Walpi	plate no. 417
Snake priest	plate no. 418
Potter mixing clay	plate no. 419
Hopi man	plate no. 420
Hopi architecture	plate no. 421
Snake dancers entering the plaza	plate no. 422
Primitive style of hairdressing	plate no. 423
Walpi man	plate no. 424
Mishongnovi	plate no. 425
Potter	plate no. 426
East mesa girls	plate no. 427
Modified style of hairdressing	plate no. 428
Walpi snake priest	plate no. 429
Snake dancer in costume	plate no. 430
Flute dancers at Tureva Spring	plate no. 431
Piki maker	plate no. 432
Depositing a prayer-stick	plate no. 433
Tewa girl	plate no. 434
Water carriers	plate no. 435

Vol.13. The Hupa. The Yurok. The Karok. The Wiyot. Tolowa and Tututni. The Shasta. The Achomawi. The Klamath.

Portfolio 13

Vol.14. The Kato. The Wailaki. The Yuki. The Pomo. The Wintun. The Maidu. The Miwok. The Yokuts.

Portfolio 14

Vol.15. Southern California Shoshoneans. The Diegueños. Plateau Shoshoneans. The Washo.

Portfolio 15

Vol.16. The Tiwa. The Keres.

Portfolio 16

Vol.17. The Tewa. The Zuñi.

The North American Indian

Contents of Volume Seventeen

Illustrations	vii
Alphabet Used in Recording Indian Terms	x
Introduction	xi
The Tewa	1
San Juan	4
San Ildefonso	30
Nambe	61
Zuni	83
History	85
Arts and Industries	95
Cosmogony	104
Games	104
Organization	105
Social Customs	107
Sorcery	111
Warfare	111
Origin and Migration	113
Priesthoods and Fetishes	123
Mythology	169
Poseyemo	171
The War-gods Destroy Tsimayo	172
Antelope Races with Hawk	172
Shitsukye An Telapnawe, Shitsukye His Stories	173
A Youth Destroys Achiyalatapa	176
Tsuya, Hummingbird	179
Appendix	183
Tribal Summary	185
Additional Notes on the Hopi Snake Dance	195
Vocabularies	200
Index	211

Vol. 17 Illustrations
	Facing Page
The cliff-dweller	Frontispiece
A San Juan home	4
A San Juan man	6
Tse-ka - "Douglas Spruce Leaf", cacique of San Juan	8
Good luck dance by San Juan hunters	10
Shrine of Yellow Cloud Man on Tsikumupi - Tewa	12
Winnowing wheat - San Juan	14
Firing pottery - Santa Clara	16
Santa Clara and the Rio Grande	18
A San Juan farmhouse	20
The harvest - San Juan	22
Tewa dance - costume	24
Cleaning wheat - San Juan	26
A kiva at Santa Clara	28
Puye	30
Cave-dwellings at Puye	32
Ruins on the mesa at Puye	34
Oyegi-aye - "Frost Moving", Santa Clara governor	36
Peach harvest - San Ildefonso	38
Pojoaque	40
By the old well at San Juan	42
Tewa war-god effigies	44
San Ildefonso women	46
In Santa Clara	48
Ko-pi - "Buffalo Mountain" - San Juan	50
Okuwa-tsire - "Cloud Bird" - San Ildefonso	52
Eagle dancer - San Ildefonso	54
Tablita woman dancer - San Ildefonso	56
Oyi-sawi - "Ice Terrace" - Santa Clara	58
Tablita dance - San Ildefonso - A	60
Tablita dance - San Ildefonso - B	62
Tablita dance - San Ildefonso - C	64
Tablita dancers returning to the kiva - San Ildefonso	66
Tablita dancers at the kiva - San Ildefonso	68
Tablita dancers - San Ildefonso	70
A kiva at Nambe	72
Yan-tse - "Willow Yellow" - Nambe	74
Pose-aye - "Dew Moving", profile - Nambe	76
Pose-aye - "Dew Moving" - Nambe	78
Fo-e - "Snow Child" - Santa Clara	80
Zuñi	84
Corn Mountain	86
Onate's inscription	88
Monastery and church at Hawikuh	90
Hawikuh - A	92
Hawikuh - B	94
A Zuñi house shrine	96
Zuñi village at Ojo Caliente	98
Zuñi gardens	100
Zuñi pottery	102
A Zuñi doorway	104
Boy and girl columns at Corn Mountain - Zuñi	106
Ruins on Corn Mountain - Zuñi	108
Zuñi water carriers	110
Shiwawatiwa - Zuñi	112
Zuñi ornaments	114
Siyotiwa, Zuñi kyaqimassi	116
A Zuñi girl	118
Laitsanyasitsa - Zuñi	120
A Zuñi man	122
A Zuñi governor	124
Kuse-pi - "Rock-purple Mountain" - San Juan	126
A San Juan matron	128
Yan-tsire - "Willow Bird" - San Ildefonso	130
Povi-yemo - "Flower Falling" - San Ildefonso	132
Agoyo-aye - "Star Moving" - San Ildefonso	134
A Nambe girl	136
Kwaa-Povi - "Bead Flower" - Nambe	138
Mowa - "Shining Light" - Nambe	140
A Santa Clara man	142
Agoyo-tsa - "Star White" - Santa Clara	144
Tambe - "Drum" - Santa Clara	146
A Tesuque ancient	148
Shrine and effigies of the elder war-god on Corn Mountain - Zuñi	150

Portfolio 17

List of Large Plates Supplementing Volume Seventeen
Sentinel - San Ildefonso	plate no. 580
Povi-Tamu ("Flower Morning") - San Ildefonso	plate no. 581
Okuwa-tse ("Cloud Yellow") - San Ildefonso	plate no. 582
On the Rio Grande - San Ildefonso	plate no. 583
Kiva stairs, San Ildefonso	plate no. 584
Fruit gatherer - San Ildefonso	plate no. 585
Offering - San Ildefonso	plate no. 586
San Ildefonso pottery	plate no. 587
Tablita dancers and singers - San Ildefonso	plate no. 588
In San Ildefonso	plate no. 589
Girl and jar - San Ildefonso	plate no. 590
In the gray morning - San Ildefonso	plate no. 591
Offering to the sun - San Ildefonso	plate no. 592
From the threshing floor - San Juan	plate no. 593
Washing wheat - San Juan	plate no. 594
Street scene at San Juan	plate no. 595
Ambrosio Martinez - San Juan	plate no. 596
San Juan pottery	plate no. 597
Gossiping - San Juan	plate no. 598
Offering at the waterfall – Nambe	plate no. 599
Tesuque buffalo dancers	plate no. 600
Oyi (Duck White), summer cacique of Santa Clara	plate no. 601
Potter - Santa Clara	plate no. 602
Pottery burners at Santa Clara	plate no. 603
Inscription rock	plate no. 604
Zuni street scene	plate no. 605
Grinding medicine – Zuni	plate no. 606
Zuni governor	plate no. 607
Load of fuel – Zuni	plate no. 608
Terraced houses of Zuni	plate no. 609
Zuni girls at the river	plate no. 610
Lutakawi, Zuni Governor	plate no. 611
Waihusiwa, a Zuni kyaqimassi	plate no. 612
Zuni girl	plate no. 613
Zuni woman	plate no. 614
Corner of Zuni	plate no. 615

Vol.18. The Chipewyan. The Western Woods Cree. The Sarsi.

Portfolio 18

Vol.19. The Indians of Oklahoma. The Wichita. The Southern Cheyenne. The Oto. The Comanche. The Peyote Cult.

Portfolio 19

Vol.20. The Alaskan Eskimo. The Nunivak. The Eskimo of Hooper Bay. The Eskimo of King Island. The Eskimo of Little Diomede Island. The Eskimo of Cape Prince of Wales. The Kotzebue Eskimo. The Noatak. The Kobuk. The Selawik.

Portfolio 20

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Vol.1. The Apache. The Jicarillas. The Navaho.

Portfolio 1

Vol.2. The Pima. The Papago. The Qahatika. The Mohave. The Yuma. The Maricopa. The Walapai. The Havasupai. The Apache-Mohave, or Yavapai.

Portfolio 2

Vol.3. The Teton Sioux. The Yanktonai. The Assiniboin.

Vol. 3 Illustrations

Portfolio 3

List of Large Plates Supplementing Volume Three

Vol.4. The Apsaroke, or Crows. The Hidatsa.

Vol. 4 Illustrations