Edward S. Curtis's The North American Indian

CONTENTS

Volume: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Vol.1. The Apache. The Jicarillas. The Navaho.

THE NORTH AMERICAN INDIAN

Contents of Volume One

Alphabet Used In Recording Indian Terms

Illustrations	vii
Foreword	xi
General Introduction	xiii
Introduction to Volume One	xix
The Apache	1
Historical Sketch	3
Homeland and Life	13
Mythology	23
Medicine and Medicine-Men	35
The Jicarillas	51
Home and General Customs	53
Mythology	60
The Navaho	71
Home Life, Arts, and Beliefs	73
History	81
MYTHOLOGY	83
Ceremonies	116
Appendix	129
Tribal Summary	131
Southern Athapascan Comparative Vocabulary	139
Index	145

Vol. 1 Illustrations
	Facing Page
The Pool - Apache	Frontispiece
Nayenezgani - Navaho	x
White River - Apache	xii
By the Sycamore - Apache	xiv
The Fire Drill - Apache	xvi
A Noonday Halt - Navaho	xviii
Apache Camp	xx
Typical Apache	2
Tenokai - Apache	4
At the Ford	6
The Bathing Pool - Apache	8
Alchise - Apache	10
Mescal Hills - Apache	12
Primitive Apache Home	14
Cutting Mescal - Apache	16
Mescal - Apache	18
Filling the Pit	20
The Covered Pit - Apache
Apache Still Life	24
Among the Oaks - Apache	26
Mescal Camp - Apache	28
Sacred Buckskin - Apache	30
Apache Girl	32
The Ford - Apache	34
Apache Medicine-Man	36
Maternity Belt	38
Medicine Cap and Fetish - Apache	40
Das Lan - Apache	42
Apache Village	44
Sand Mosaic - Apache	46
Apache Gaun	48
Apache Maiden	50
Lone Tree Lodge - Jicarilla
A Jicarilla	54
A Jicarilla Feast March	56
Jicarillas	58
Jeditoh - Navaho	60
Lake Lajara - Navaho	62
Into the Desert - Navaho	64
Nature's Mirror - Navaho	66
Cañon Hogan - Navaho	68
A Drink in the Desert - Navaho	70
Under the Cottonwoods - Navaho	72
Cornfields in Cañon del Muerto - Navaho	74
The Blanket Maker - Navaho	76
Pikehodiklad - Navaho	78
Hastin Yazhe - Navaho	80
Navaho Hogan	82
Navaho Still Life	84
Navaho Medicine-man	86
Through the Cañon - Navaho	88
Evening in the Desert - Navaho	90
Haschogan - Navaho	94
Antelope Ruin - Cañon del Muerto	96
Nayenezgani - Navaho	98
Tobadzischini	100
Haschezhini	102
Gaaskidi - Navaho	104
Tonenili - Navaho	106
Zahadolzha - Navaho	108
Haschebaad - Navaho	110
Gaaskidi, Zahadolzha, Haschelti - Nahavo	112
Tonenili, Tobadzischini, Nayenezgani - Navaho	114
Yebichai Sweat - Navaho	116
Pikehodiklad - Navaho	118
Shilhne'ohli - Navaho	120
Zahadolzha - Navaho	122
Yebichai Hogan - Navaho	124
Yebichai Dancers - Navaho	126
Mescal Harvest - Apache	128
White River Valley - Apache	130
Nalin Lage - Apache	132
Infant Burial - Apache	134
Tobadzischini - Navaho	136
Gaaskidi - Navaho	138
Zahadolzha - Navaho	140
Haschelti, Haschebaad, Zahadolzha - Navaho	142
Navaho Women	144

Portfolio 1

List of Large Plates Supplementing Volume One
Vanishing race - Navaho	plate no. 1
Geronimo - Apache	plate no. 2
Desert rovers - Apache	plate no. 3
Apache - land	plate no. 4
Alchise - Apache	plate no. 5
Sigesh - Apache	plate no. 6
Apache	plate no. 7
Apache reaper	plate no. 8
Storm - Apache	plate no. 9
Getting water - Apache	plate no. 10
Story-telling - Apache	plate no. 11
Story-telling - Apache	plate no. 12
Scout - Apache	plate no. 13
Morning bath - Apache	plate no. 14
Apache Nalin	plate no. 15
Eskadi - Apache	plate no. 16
Apache babe	plate no. 17
Chideh - Apache	plate no. 18
Lost trail - Apache	plate no. 19
Vash Gon - Jicarilla	plate no. 20
Chief Garfield - Jicarilla	plate no. 21
Jicarilla maiden	plate no. 22
Jicarilla matron	plate no. 23
Hilltop camp - Jicarilla	plate no. 24
Jicarilla women	plate no. 25
Chief of the desert - Navaho	plate no. 26
Women of the desert - Navaho	plate no. 27
Cañon de Chelly - Navaho	plate no. 28
Cañon del Muerto - Navaho	plate no. 29
At the shrine - Navaho	plate no. 30
Nesjaja Hatali - Navaho	plate no. 31
Son of the desert - Navaho	plate no. 32
Navaho flocks	plate no. 33
Blanket weaver - Navaho	plate no. 34
Hastobiga - Navaho medicine-man	plate no. 35
Point of interest - Navaho	plate no. 36
Out of the darkness - Navaho	plate no. 37
Sunset in Navaho-land	plate no. 38
Alhkidokihi - Navaho	plate no. 39

Vol.2. The Pima. The Papago. The Qahatika. The Mohave. The Yuma. The Maricopa. The Walapai. The Havasupai. The Apache-Mohave, or Yavapai.

Portfolio 2

Vol.3. The Teton Sioux. The Yanktonai. The Assiniboin.

Portfolio 3

Vol.4. The Apsaroke, or Crows. The Hidatsa.

Portfolio 4

Vol.5. The Mandan. The Arikara. The Atsina.

THE NORTH AMERICAN INDIAN

Contents of Volume Five

Alphabet Used in Recording Indian Terms

Illustrations	vii
Introduction	xi
The Mandan	1
History and Customs	3
Religious Beliefs and Ceremonies	19
Mythology	39
The Arikara	57
General Description	59
Ceremonies	64
Mythology	80
Folk-tales	86
The Atsina	101
Traditions and History	103
Political and Ceremonial Organization	112
Religion	119
Myths and Tales	123
Appendix	141
Tribal Summary	143
Vocabularies	169
Biographical Sketches	178
Index	185

Portfolio 5

Vol.6. The Piegan. The Cheyenne. The Arapaho.

Portfolio 6

Vol.7. The Yakima. The Klickitat. Salishan tribes of the interior. The Kutenai.

Portfolio 7

Vol.8. The Nez Perces. Wallawalla. Umatilla. Cayuse. The Chinookan tribes.

Vol. 8 Illustrations
	Facing Page
Tsagiglalal, the Guardian of Nihhluidih	Frontispiece
A Typical Nez Perce	Facing page 4
Nez Perce Warrior	6
A Nez Perce	8
Nez Perce Matron	10
Kulkultsalum - Nez Perce	12
Grizzly-bear Ferocious - Nez Perce	14
Half-shorn - Nez Perce	16
No Wings - Nez Perce	18
Nez Perce Profile	20
Fort Lapwai	22
Joseph - Nez Perce	24
Three Eagles - Nez Perce	26
Half Moon - Nez Perce	28
A Young Warrior - Nez Perce	30
Two Moons - Nez Perce	32
Nez Perce Girl	34
A Young Nez Perce	36
Last Home of Joseph - Nez Perce	38
Lodge of the Joseph "Dead Feast " - Nez Perce	40
Nez Perce Sweat-lodge	42
The Scout - Nez Perce	44
Nez Perce Canoe	46
The Old-time Warrior - Nez Perce	48
A Mat Lodge - Umatilla	50
White Bull - Umatilla	52
A Young Umatilla	54
Umatilla Child	56
In the Forest - Cayuse	58
With Her Proudly Decked Horse - Cayuse	Facing page 60
Umatilla Girl	62
Cayuse Type	64
Cayuse Profile	66
Falling On The Land - Cayuse	68
Cayuse Matron	70
Cayuse Youth	72
Cayuse Mother and Child	74
Cayuse Woman	76
A Mountain Home - Umatilla	78
Youth in Holiday Costume - Umatilla	80
Learning to Ride - Cayuse	82
Chinook Female Type	84
Chinook Female Profile	86
Tamlaitk - Namnit	88
Spidis - Wishham	90
Wishham Beadwork	92
Pounding Fish - Wishham	94
Island of the- Dead - Wishham	98
Salmon Fishing - Wishham	100
Wishham Fishing Platform	102
Bone Carving - Cascade	104
Wishham - Female Type	106
Wishham - Female Profile	108
Petroglyphs - Wishham	110
Wishham Basket Worker	112
On the Columbia - Wishham	114
Wishham Man	116
At the Spring - Wishham	118
Mnashwai - Wishham	120
Wishham Young Woman	122
Wishham Girls	126
Water Baskets - Wishham	128
Kyetani - Wishham	130
Wishham Child	132
Below the Cascades	134
Wind Mountain	Facing page 136
Kamagwaith - Cascade	138
Wishham Bowl	140
At the Site of Wahala - Cascade	142
Preparing Salmon - Wishham	146
Map of Nez Perce Territory	160
Daughter of Tamahus - Cayuse	164
Wishham Handicraft	172
Caches at Celilo	174
The Rock Slide - Wishham	176
Lewis and Clark's Landing-place at Nihhluidih	180
Map of Chinook Territory	182

Portfolio 8

List of Large Plates Supplementing Volume Eight
Chief Joseph - Nez Perce	plate no. 256
Yellow Bull - Nez Perce	plate no.257
Typical Nez Perce	plate no. 258
Raven Blanket - Nez Perce	plate no. 259
Night scout - Nez Perce	plate no. 260
Watching for the signal - Nez Perce	plate no. 261
Nez Perce warrior	plate no. 262
Nez Perce brave	plate no. 263
Lawyer - Nez Perce	plate no. 264
Black Eagle - Nez Perce	plate no. 265
Nez Perce babe	plate no. 266
Piopio-maksmaks – Wallawalla	plate no. 267
Piopio-maksmaks, profile – Wallawalla	plate no. 268
Umatilla maid	plate no. 269
Innocence – Umatilla	plate no. 270
War chief - Nez Perce	plate no. 271
Cayuse warrior	plate no. 272
Holiday trappings – Cayuse	plate no. 273
Fisherman – Wishham	plate no. 274
Dip-netting in pools – Wishham	plate no. 275
Spearing salmon – Wishham	plate no. 276
Fish carrier – Wishham	plate no. 277
Wishham girl	plate no. 278
Wishham girl, profile	plate no. 279
Wishham woman	plate no. 280
Wishham bride	plate no. 281
Hlalakum – Wishham	plate no. 282
Kashhila – Wishham	plate no. 283
Wishham maid	plate no. 284
Columbia near Wind River	plate no. 285
Lower Columbia	plate no. 286
Evening on the Columbia	plate no. 287
Middle Columbia	plate no. 288
On Klickitat River – A	plate no. 289
On Klickitat River – B	plate no. 290
On Klickitat River – C	plate no. 291
On the beach – Chinook	plate no. 292

Vol.9. The Salishan tribes of the coast. The Chimakum and the Quilliute. The Willapa.

Portfolio 9

Vol.10. The Kwakiutl.

Portfolio 10

Vol.11. The Nootka. The Haida.

The North American Indian

Contents of Volume Eleven

Alphabet Used in Recording Indian Terms

Illustrations	vii
Introduction	xi
The Nootka	1
General Description	3
Warfare	53
Sociology	62
The Winter Ceremony	68
Mythology	94
The Haida	113
Mythology	148
Appendix	175
Tribal Summary	177
Vocabularies	195
Nootka	197
Haida	204
Index	211

Vol. 11 Illustrations
	Facing Page
A Nootka Belle	frontispiece
Village of Nootka	facing page 4
Tsahwismia - Nootka	6
Boston Cove	8
The Lake at Nootka>	10
A Nootka	12
Village Scene - Neah Bay	14
Makah Basketry	16
On Clayoquot Sound	18
Ceremonial Preparation for Whaling	20
Whale Ceremonial	22
Whaling Floats	26
The Whaler's Wife	28
Fastening the Harpoon Point	30
A Woman of Hesquiat	34
A Partially Cut up Whale	36
A Clayoquot Maiden	38
Cooking Whale Blubber	40
Hesquiat Girl in Cedar-bark Costume	42
Hesquiat Profile	44
Suqitlaa	46
Suqitlaa - Profile	48
A Shaman or Medicine Woman	50
Costume of a Woman Shaman - Clayoquot	54
Shaman and Patient	56
Woman Shaman Looking for Clairvoyant Visions - Clayoquot	58
Old Houses - Neah Bay	60
Clayoquot Woman in Cedar-bark Hat	62
A Hesquiat Belle	64
A Sea-otter Hunter	68
Waiting for the Seal	70
Harpooning	72
Ready to Throw the Harpoon	74
Halibut Fishers - Neah Bay	76
Gathering Seaweed	78
Before the Storm - Makah	80
The Shores of Nootka	82
Quiet Waters	84
By the Sea - Nootka	86
Dancing Mask - Nootka	88
Ceremonial Costume of Hemlock Boughs	90
The Bear Costume - Nootka	94
A Clayoquot Woman	96
Gathering Seaweed	98
Sketch of an Indian Fish-trap	100
The Old Makah	102
A Makah Profile	104
A Makah Woman	106
The Makah	108
Nootka Man	110
A Woman of Nootka	112
A Haida of Kung	116
A Raven Totem at Yan	118
Totems at Yan	120
Totems at Kung	122
A Bear Totem at Bassett	124
Totem at Yan, Representing a Caucasian	126
Sepulture in a Post at Yan	128
A Decaying Houseframe - Haida	130
A Haida of Massett	132
Haida Canoes	134
Slate Carvings Representing a Haida Shaman	136
A Haida Shaman's Rattle	138
Shaman's Rattle - Haida	142
Chilkat Blanket, the Haida Ceremonial Robe	144
Ravan Chief of Skidgate - Haida	146
Stlina, of Massett - Haida	148
Hahlkaiyans, of Massett - Haida	150
Kitkun, of Massett - Haida	152
A Haida Girl	154
Koyans - Haida	156
Ihltawat, of Massett - Haida	158
Hayas, of Kayung - Haida	160
A Woman of Massett - Haida	162
A Woman of Kiusta - Haida	164
Haida Slate Pipe	166

Portfolio 11

List of Large Plates Supplementing Volume Eleven
Bowman	plate no. 365
Shores of Nootka Sound	plate no. 366
Hesquiat root digger	plate no. 367
Berry-picker – Clayoquot	plate no.368
Berry-picker – Clayoquot	plate no. 369
Whale ceremonial – Clayoquot	plate no. 370
Whale ceremonial – Clayoquot	plate no. 371
Clayoquot girl	plate no. 372
Canoeing on Clayoquot Sound	plate no. 373
Nootka method of spearing	plate no. 374
Oldest man of Nootka	plate no.375
Oldest man of Nootka	plate no. 376
Oldest man of Nootka	plate no. 377
Clayoquot type	plate no. 378
Hesquiat maiden	plate no. 379
Into the shadow – Clayoquot	plate no. 380
Nootka woman wearing cedar-bark blanket	plate no. 381
Whaler – Clayoquot	plate no. 382
Bark gatherer	plate no.383
Nootka woman	plate no. 384
Makah maiden	plate no. 385
At Nootka	plate no. 386
Waiting for the canoe	plate no. 387
Haiyahl – Nootka	plate no. 388
Shores of Nootka Sound	plate no.389
Nootka man	plate no. 390
On the west coast of Vancouver Island	plate no. 391
On the west coast of Vancouver Island	plate no. 392
Return of halibut fishers	plate no. 393
Whaler	plate no. 394
Whaler – Makah	plate no.395
Captured whale	plate no. 396
Haida chief's tomb at Yan	plate no. 397
Haida of Massett	plate no. 398
Haida of Kung	plate no. 399
Haida slate carvings	plate no. 400

Vol.12. The Hopi.

Portfolio 12

Vol.13. The Hupa. The Yurok. The Karok. The Wiyot. Tolowa and Tututni. The Shasta. The Achomawi. The Klamath.

Portfolio 13

Vol.14. The Kato. The Wailaki. The Yuki. The Pomo. The Wintun. The Maidu. The Miwok. The Yokuts.

Portfolio 14

Vol.15. Southern California Shoshoneans. The Diegueños. Plateau Shoshoneans. The Washo.

Vol. 15 Illustrations
	Facing Page
Andres Canon - Cahuilla	Frontispiece
Moriar Pits - Cupeno	6
Sandstone Vessels from Santa Catalina Island	8
Streatite vessels from Santa Catalina Island	10
Basketry of the Mission Indians (a)	12
Basketry of the Mission Indians	14
Southern Shoshonean	16
A Cupeno Woman	18
A Cupeno Female Type	20
Site of Prehistoric Village - Cahuilla	22
Ancient Shore of Salton Sea	24
Remains of ancient fish-pounds - A	26
Fiesta camp - Cahuilla	28
A Cahuilla child	30
Remains of ancient fish-pounds - B	32
A desert Cahuilla woman	34
Desert Cahuilla home	36
Modern rancheria at Santa Ysabel - Diegueño	38
A Santa Ysabel woman - Diegueño	40
A southern Digueño woman	42
Monkey Face - Mesa Grande Digueño	44
A northern Digueño type	46
A Campo female type - Diegueño	48
Communal ceremonial shelter at Capitan Grande - Diegueño	50
Summer shelter at Campo - Diegueño	52
An Owens Valley Mono	54
A Mono type	56
Mono house near Independence	58
A Lake Mono basket-maker	60
Mono basketry	62
Mono summer shelter	64
Mono summer kitchen	66
Pavaish - Pyramid Lake Paviotso	68
The ancient shore of Walker Lake	70
Western shore of Walker Lake	72
Paviotso basketry	74
Modern Paviotso beadwork	76
Paviotso house at Walker Lake	78
Paviotso woman of Pyramid Lake	80
Su-donii - "Osier-willow blossom" - Pyramid Lake Paviotso	82
Volcanic mud formation at Pyramid Lake	84
Bob Lowry - Pyramid Lake Paviotso	86
Phallic rock painting at Walker Lake	88
Washo house	92
Washo cradle-baskets	94
A Washo gem	96
Captain Pete, Namina - Washo	98
Scraping a deerskin - Washo	100
Primitive Chemehuevi dwelling	104
Chemehuevi house on Colorado River	106
Chemehuevi granary	108
Chemehuevi basketry and pottery	110
Cahuilla house in the desert	112
Modern houses at Palm Springs - Cahuilla	114
The harvester - Cahuilla	116
Palm fruit	118
Under the palms - Cahuilla	120
A desert Cahuilla female type	122
Marcos - Palm Canon Cahuilla	124
A man of Palm Springs - Cahuilla	126
A woman of Palm Springs - Cahuilla	128
Modernized house at Capitan Grande - Digueño	130
Modern house at Mesa Grande - Digueño	132
A Capitan Grande man - Digueño	134
A Capitan Grande woman - Digueño	136
A Mesa Grande man - Digueño	138
A Santa Ysabel man - Digueño	140
A young woman of Campo - Digueño	142
Paviotso female type	144
Pahu-Kumaa - "Sunflower Edge" - Walker Lake Paviotso	146
A Paviotso woman of Walker Lake	148
A Pyramid Lake matron - Paviotso	150
Washo burden-basket and trinket-basket	152
Washo basketry designs	154
A Washo woman	156

Portfolio 15

List of Large Plates Supplementing Volume Fifteen
Before the white man came - Palm Cañon	plate no. 508
Basketry of the Mission Indians	plate no. 509
Cupeño woman	plate no. 510
Modern Cupeño house	plate no. 511
Serrano woman of Tejon	plate no. 512
Tejon Serrano	plate no. 513
Modern house at Tejon	plate no. 514
Chemehuevi house	plate no. 515
Home in the Mesquite – Chemehuevi	plate no. 516
Marcos - Palm Cañon Cahuillavi	plate no. 517
Home in the Mesquite – Chemehuevi	plate no. 518
Numero - Desert Cahuilla	plate no. 519
Cahuilla house in the deserti	plate no. 520
Under the palms – Cahuillai	plate no. 521
Desert Cahuilla womani	plate no. 522
Andres canoni	plate no. 523
Diegueño homei	plate no. 524
Diegueño house at Campo	plate no. 525
Diegueño of Capitan Grande	plate no. 526
Diegueño woman of Santa Ysabel	plate no. 527
Southern Diegueño house	plate no. 528
Southern Diegueño	plate no. 529
Diegueño woman of Campo	plate no. 530
Degueño house at Santa Ysabel	plate no. 531
Diegueño of Santa Ysabel	plate no. 532
Mono home	plate no. 533
Shores of Walker Lake	plate no. 534
Pyramid Lake Paviotso	plate no. 535
Primitive artist – Paviotso	plate no. 536
Aged Paviotso of Pyramid Lake	plate no. 537
Fishing with a gaff-hook – Paviotso	plate no. 538
Walker Lake Paviotso	plate no. 539
Datsolali, Washo basket-maker	plate no. 540
Washo baskets	plate no. 541
Modern designs in Washo basketry	plate no. 542
Washo woman	plate no. 543

Vol.16. The Tiwa. The Keres.

The North American Indian

Contents of Volume Sixteen

Alphabet Used in Recording Indian Terms

viii

Illustrations	ix
Introduction	xiii
The Tiwa	1
Isleta	3
Taos	27
The Keres	63
Cochiti	65
Santo Domingo	122
Acoma	169
Laguna	240
Appendix	249
Ancient Jemez Villages	251
Jemez Names for Indian Tribes	252
Cochiti Names for Indian Tribes	252
Taos Names of the Moons	252
Laguna Names of the Moons	253
Isleta Names for Indian Tribes	253
Isleta Relationship Terms	253
Taos Relationship Terms	254
Cochiti Relationship Terms	255
Laguna Relationship Terms	256
Laguna Villages	258
Laguna Names for Indian Tribes	258
Pueblo Population	259
native Names of Pueblos	260
Vocabularies	266
Index	283

Portfolio 16

Vol.17. The Tewa. The Zuñi.

The North American Indian

Contents of Volume Seventeen

Illustrations	vii
Alphabet Used in Recording Indian Terms	x
Introduction	xi
The Tewa	1
San Juan	4
San Ildefonso	30
Nambe	61
Zuni	83
History	85
Arts and Industries	95
Cosmogony	104
Games	104
Organization	105
Social Customs	107
Sorcery	111
Warfare	111
Origin and Migration	113
Priesthoods and Fetishes	123
Mythology	169
Poseyemo	171
The War-gods Destroy Tsimayo	172
Antelope Races with Hawk	172
Shitsukye An Telapnawe, Shitsukye His Stories	173
A Youth Destroys Achiyalatapa	176
Tsuya, Hummingbird	179
Appendix	183
Tribal Summary	185
Additional Notes on the Hopi Snake Dance	195
Vocabularies	200
Index	211

Portfolio 17

Vol.18. The Chipewyan. The Western Woods Cree. The Sarsi.

Portfolio 18

Vol.19. The Indians of Oklahoma. The Wichita. The Southern Cheyenne. The Oto. The Comanche. The Peyote Cult.

Portfolio 19

Vol.20. The Alaskan Eskimo. The Nunivak. The Eskimo of Hooper Bay. The Eskimo of King Island. The Eskimo of Little Diomede Island. The Eskimo of Cape Prince of Wales. The Kotzebue Eskimo. The Noatak. The Kobuk. The Selawik.

Portfolio 20

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Vol.1. The Apache. The Jicarillas. The Navaho.

Vol. 1 Illustrations

Portfolio 1

List of Large Plates Supplementing Volume One

Vol.2. The Pima. The Papago. The Qahatika. The Mohave. The Yuma. The Maricopa. The Walapai. The Havasupai. The Apache-Mohave, or Yavapai.

Portfolio 2

Vol.3. The Teton Sioux. The Yanktonai. The Assiniboin.

Portfolio 3